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Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 2013;13(6):161-166.
Published online December 31, 2013.
역사기록서 고찰을 통한 조선시대 산사태 특성 분석
이창우, 서준표, 강영호
Analysis of Landslide Characteristic During Joseon Dynasty through Historical Literature Survey
Changwoo Lee, Junpyo Seo, Youngho Kang
Abstract
In this study, the characteristic and occurrence on landslide of Joseon Dynasty were analyzed in order to compare with those of the present. Using the historical records on the Annals of Joseon Dynasty(朝鮮王朝實錄). The daily records of royal secretariat of Joseon Dynasty(承政院日記) and Bibyeonsadeungnok(備邊司謄錄), the record of landslide, debris flow and rockfall of Joseon Dynasty was investigated. The major cause of landslide of Joseon Dynasty was rainfall that was occupied by 81%, the ratio of landslide occurrence per 50 years was similar to frequency of torrential rain for same period. The ratio of landslide damage by month was the highest in August(30.7%) and the next was the July(22.9%) and September(18.8%) in order. And the ratio of landslide damage by region was the highest in Kangwon province(16.3%) and the next was the Seoul city(14.4%), Gyeonggi(13.4%), Gyeongbuk(11.4%), Gyeongnam(10.9%) province in order. The result show that causes, occurrence period and the damage ratio by regional on landslide of Joseon Dynasty were similar to those of the present, but there was a little difference in the city area. These results will be helpful to predict landslide trend in the future and set up policy countermeasures for landslide.
Key Words: Joseon Dynasty; Landslide; Occurrence characteristic; Annals of Joseon Dynasty
요지
본 연구는 조선시대 산사태 발생현황과 특성에 대해서 현시대와 비교 분석하였다. 본 연구에 활용된 역사기록서는 조선왕조실록, 승정원일기, 비변사등록으로 이들 역사기록서에서 산사태, 토석류, 낙석을 포함하는 기록들을 고찰하였다. 조선시대 산사태 발생 원인은 강우가 81%로 가장 높았고, 50년 단위연도별 발생비율은 호우빈도와 유사한 결과로 나타났다. 그리고 월별산사태 발생 피해비율은 8월(30.7%), 7월(22.9%) 9월(18.8%) 순으로 나타났다. 또한 지역별 산사태 발생 피해비율은 강원도(16.3%), 서울(14.4%), 경기도 (13.4%), 경상북도(11.4%), 경상남도(10.9%) 순으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 조선시대의 산사태 특징은 발생원인과 빈발하는 월이 현재와 유사하였다. 또한 지역에 따른 피해발생비율도 유사점은 있었으나, 도심지에서는 다소 차이가 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 미래의 산사태 연구방향 및 정책수립에 대한 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 판단된다.
핵심용어: 조선시대; 산사태; 발생 특성; 조선왕조실록


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