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Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 2014;14(4):67-78.
Published online August 31, 2014.
국지우량계보정방법을 이용한 레이더강우량의 수문모델 적용
이재경, 김지현, 박종서, 김광호
Application of Radar Rainfall Estimates Using the Local Gauge Correction Method to Hydrologic Model
Jae-Kyoung Lee, Ji-Hyeon Kim, Jong-Seo Park, Kwang-Ho Kim
Abstract
The Radar-AWS Rainrate (RAR) calculation system operated by Korea Meteorological Administration has several limitations in estimating the rainfall amounts accurately, though the RAR calculation system estimates rainrate from real-time estimation of the Z-R relation using the reflectivity from weather radar and observed rainrate from Automatic Weather Station (AWS). This study applied the Local Gauge Correction (LGC) method which enables correcting the rainfall events occurred locally using the RAR calculation system and verified the accuracy of the LGC results. As a result, in the case analysis of the summer season (from June 2012 to August 2012), RMSE and correlation coefficient of the RAR calculation system are 6.39 and 0.87 and RMSE and correlation coefficient are 2.45 and 0.85, respectively, in the winter season (from December 2012 to February 2013). Therefore, the RAR calculation system has the accuracy of rainrate estimation. In this study, after the LGC method is applied to the RAR system, the accuracy of the RAR is improved in both summer (from 8.68 to 8.01 in RMSE) and winter seasons (from 2.58 to 2.00). The LGC method has also improved about 3 % than the Gauge to Radar (G/R) ratio. Furthermore, the corrected rainfall using the LGC method was inputted to the HEC-HMS to examine the accuracy of flood simulation. According to the results, the accuracy of flood results with the LGC method was improved 11.57% (in RMSE), 2.11% (in correlation coefficient), and 14.47% (Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency) on average, along with the accuracy of hydrograph with the LGC method. Therefore, after the application of the LGC method, the RAR calculation system has sufficient capability to simulate the accurate rainrate while the LGC method can correct the amounts of rainrate from the RAR calculation system. It is advised that the corrected rainfall with the LGC method be utilized in hydrology field to produce more accurate hydrologic variables.
Key Words: Radar-AWS rainrate calculation system; Local gauge correction; Radar rainfall estimation; HEC-HMS
요지
기상청에서 운영 중인 Radar-AWS Rainrate (RAR) 산출 시스템은 레이더에서 관측되는 반사도와 지상관측소인 AWS의 관측된 강우량을 이용하여 실시간 Z-R 관계식을 추정하여 강우량을 산출하나 정확한 강우량 추정에는 한계가 있다. 본 연구에서는 국지적 강우발생현상의 보정이 가능한 국지우량계보정(Local Gauge Correction, LGC) 방법을 RAR 산출 시스템에 적용하여 LGC 적용결과를 평가하였다. 여름철(2012년 6-8월) 강우사례 분석결과에서 RAR 산출 시스템의 RMSE는 6.39, 상관계수는 0.87, 겨울철(2012년 12월-2013년 2월) 강우사례에서 RMSE는 2.45, 상관계수는 0.85로 나타나 모의정확도가 있음을 보였다. 다음으로 LGC 방법 적용 후에 여름철에는 RMSE가 8.68에서 8.01로 향상되었고 겨울철에는 RMSE가 2.58에서 2.00으로 강우량 추정 정확도가 향상되었다. 또한 RAR 산출 시스템에 적용 중인 Gauge to Radar (G/R) ratio 방법보다 LGC 방법을 적용한 경우에 약 3 % 정도 정확도가 개선되는 것으로 나타났다. 다음으로 LGC 방법을 적용한 보정된 강우를 HEC-HMS에 적용하여 홍수모의 정확도를 평가한 결과, RMSE는 평균 11.57%, 상관계수는 2.11%, Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency는 14.47% 향상되었으며, 수문곡선의 정확도도 향상되었다. 따라서 RAR 산출 시스템에서 산출되는 강우량 보정에 LGC 방법이 효용성이 있음을 확인하였다. 더욱 정확한 수문변수 산출을 위해 수문분야에 LGC 방법으로 정확도가 개선된 강우를 활용할 필요성이 있는 것으로 사료된다.
핵심용어: 레이더-AWS 강우강도 산출 시스템; 레이더 강우량 추정


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